Macroevolution – the historical development of a species and larger taxonomic groups, covering large periods of time; supraspecific evolution. Macroevolution includes processes leading to the formation of systematic
When isolated, genetic differences arise and accumulate in populations. If the isolation lasts long enough, then such changes become more and more, and the process of speciation can
There are three main ways of speciation. The first is a simple view conversion. In the course of evolution, species A changes and turns into species B. This
Microevolution is the evolutionary changes of individual populations and a species as a whole, up to the formation of a new species. Microevolution is evolutionary transformations that occur
Elementary factors of evolution are factors that change the genetic structure of a population. The main elementary factors of evolution include the mutation process, combinative variability, population waves
There are three forms of natural selection: driving, stabilizing, and disruptive (disruptive). Driving selection is natural selection, which acts under a directional change in environmental conditions. Individuals with
The concept of “natural selection” was formulated in 1858 by Charles Darwin and AR Wallace. Natural selection is the predominant survival and reproduction of individuals that have traits
According to the evolutionary doctrine of Darwin, the following forms of struggle for existence can be distinguished: intraspecific, interspecific, and the struggle with unfavorable environmental conditions. Intraspecific struggle
Living organisms tend to reproduce exponentially. Example: offspring from one dandelion achene in the second year would be 100 individuals, in the fifth year – 107. In ten
In 1859, Charles Darwin’s book “The Origin of Species by Natural Selection or Preservation of Favorable Breeds in the Struggle for Life” was published, in which the scientist