How are chromosomes involved in the development of the embryo?

| September 15, 2021 | education

After the fusion of the sexual parental cells, the first cell of the future organism is formed, which carries 50% of the paternal chromosomes and the same amount of the maternal ones. Chromosomes contain a set of genes that are responsible for the path of development of an individual and its hereditary characteristics. Information in chromosomes is encoded by a DNA molecule, sections of which are separate genes. The genetic code determines the types of multiple proteins in the body, which, already having various properties, functions, structure, regulatory activity, determine the direction of all processes of the embryo and its individuality. For example, the genome of polar marine fish contains genes that code for special proteins, glycopeptides, that prevent water in the fish’s body from crystallizing at low temperatures.



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