How did modern scientists become aware of the life of ordinary people in ancient Egypt?

Nowadays, scientists use many techniques to recognize and study history. In order to find out what the ancient Egyptians were doing, archaeological excavations were carried out, where they found ancient manuscripts, household items and other tools that were used by an ordinary peasant. With the help of research, it was determined what occupations a person was engaged in in ancient Egypt: he was engaged in harvesting, fishing, grazing livestock, building and other crafts that were developing in Egypt at that time.