How do land animals and plants adapt to high and low temperatures?

To survive in harsh conditions, animals and plants need to adapt and improve. In cold climates, the most important thing for a living organism is to keep warm. Terrestrial animals have acquired at their disposal thick fur, subcutaneous fat layer, which has heat-insulating properties, and improved metabolism. Also, these organisms have become more squat, which helps to retain heat. There is warm air between the warming down and the feathers of the creatures. The special structure of the respiratory tract allows you to warm the oxygen entering the body. Cold-loving plants have adapted to the cold climate differently – it is important for them to conserve water, which is difficult to obtain from hard and icy soil. Their leaves have changed and become like needles – needles that are able to stay green all year round and save water. Living things were also able to adapt to the hot climate: in order to avoid overheating, these animals have improved heat exchange due to different protruding parts of the body (ears, tail). They acquired the ability to retain moisture for a long time in the form of fat reserves (camels). Plants are better adapted to the arid climate. Their roots have become longer in order to reach the life-giving moisture in the soil. Plant leaves have changed and began to consume less moisture (cactus needles).