How many degrees did the temperature of iron weighing 500 g change, if 3 kJ of energy was released during its cooling?

Initial data: m (mass of cooled iron) = 500 g = 0.5 kg; Q (thermal energy released during cooling of iron) = 3 kJ = 3 * 10 ^ 3 J.

Reference data: C (specific heat capacity of iron) = 460 J / (kg * K).

The change in the temperature of iron during cooling can be determined from the formula: Q = C * m * Δt, whence Δt = Q / (C * m).

Let’s calculate: Δt = 3 * 10 ^ 3 / (460 * 0.5) = 13 ºС.

Answer: The temperature of iron will decrease by 13 ºС.