Indicate the oxidation state, the degree of elements of the compounds and give the names

Indicate the oxidation state, the degree of elements of the compounds and give the names of the substances: CO2, N2O3, KH, CaSO4

CO2 is carbon monoxide (lV) four. The number four says what valence carbon exhibits in a given CO2 compound, and the valence of carbon is four. This oxide is also called carbon dioxide.

Oxygen usually in this compound has a valence of two, it is located to the left of carbon, which means it has a great negativity and in this formula, show the oxidation state 2-.

The numbers at the bottom of the formula are called indices. Carbon does not have an index, because the number one is not accepted to write, but we will write С1О2. Let’s calculate the oxidation state of carbon, if the oxidation state of oxygen is 2-, the number of oxygen atoms is 2, the number of carbon atoms is 1: 2 x 2: 1 = 4. But we take the oxidation state of the second substance with the opposite sign +4 so that the sum of the charges of oxygen and carbon is equal to zero … -2 x 2 + 4 x 1 = 0. C4 + O2-2.

N2O3 – nitric oxide (III) three, nitrous anhydride, nitrogen sesquioxide.

Oxygen usually in this compound has a valency of two, it is located to the left of nitrogen, which means it has a great negativity and in this formula show the oxidation state 2-.

The numbers at the bottom of the formula are called indices. Nitrogen has an index 2. Let’s calculate the oxidation state of nitrogen, if the oxidation state of oxygen is 2-, the number of oxygen atoms is 3, the number of carbon atoms is 3: 2 x 3: 2 = 3. But we take the oxidation state of the second substance with the opposite sign +3, so that the sum the charges of oxygen and nitrogen were equal to zero. -2 x 3 + 3 x 2 = 0. N23 + O2-3

KH – potassium hydride.

Hydrogen is more electronegative in this compound than potassium, Potassium always has an oxidation state of +1, hydrogen -1. The substance contains one potassium and one hydrogen atom. The sum of their charges is equal to zero: -1 x 1 + 1 x 1 = 0. К1 + Н1-

CaSO4 – calcium sulfate, anhydrite.

The oxygen in this compound has a valence of two, and in this formula, show the oxidation state 2-. Calcium has a constant oxidation state of +2. Oxygen has an index of 4, calcium and sulfur have one each. We calculate where Y is the oxidation state of sulfur, and equate the equation to zero, since the charge of the substance must be neutral, i.e. is zero.

-2 x 4 + 2 x 1 + Y x 1 = 0

Y = 8 – 2

Y = +6 – sulfur charge.

Са²⁺S⁶⁺O^2-₄