What are the properties of rocks and minerals?

The description of minerals and rocks is carried out according to the following properties:
1) Color.
2) Transparency (transparent – transmit light like glass; translucent – transmit light like frosted glass; opaque – do not transmit light).
3) Luster (how light refracts) – glass, metallic, pearlescent, greasy, matte, etc.).
4) Hardness – resistance to mechanical stress from the outside, assessed on the Mohs scale from 1 to 10 (for example: graphite – 1 – soft, diamond – 10 – hard).
5) Fracture – the surface on which the mineral will split (uneven, granular, needle-like, conch-like).