What is the reason for the rapid growth of urban population in the 19th century?

In the late 18th century, an industrial revolution took place in the British Isles that later spread to the rest of Europe and the world. Thanks to this revolution, states are gradually switching to an industrial form of management, factories and factories appear, which require workers. At the same time, the population in rural areas is increasing, where there is no longer enough free land for cultivation, so many leave for cities and become workers. This is how the urbanization of Europe took place in the 19th century.