The battery has an EMF of 12 V. The current in the circuit is 5A, and the voltage at the terminals is 10 V.
February 24, 2021 | education
| The battery has an EMF of 12 V. The current in the circuit is 5A, and the voltage at the terminals is 10 V. Determine the short-circuit current.
In the event of a short circuit, the current strength will be determined by the EMF of the battery and the internal resistance of the battery: I short circuit = E / r.
The internal resistance of the battery – r, can be expressed from Ohm’s law for a complete circuit:
E = U + I * r;
r = (E – U) / I = (12-10) / 5 = 2/5 = 0.4 ohm.
I short-circuit = 12 / 0.4 = 30 A.
Answer: short-circuit current 5 A.
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