A boat is sailing up the river. Compare the speed of the boat relative to the shore and relative to the branch floating in the water.

If the boat is sailing up the river, it means that it is sailing against the current.
Let v-boat speed, u-current speed.
Therefore, the speed relative to the coast is modulus (v-u).
The branch does not have its own speed, i.e. floats with the flow at the speed of a river
Then the speed of the boat relative to the branch = v-u + u = v



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