An excess of hydrochloric acid was added to 300.00 g of potassium carbonate.

An excess of hydrochloric acid was added to 300.00 g of potassium carbonate. Determine the mass of the salt obtained and the volume of gas evolved.

To solve the problem, let’s compose an equation, arrange the coefficients:
CaCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 – exchange reaction, obtained salt calcium chloride, carbon dioxide;
Let’s make calculations using the formulas:
M (CaCO3) = 100 g / mol;
M (CaCl2) = 111 g / mol;
M (CO2) = 44 g / mol.
Determine the amount of moles of calcium carbide:
Y (CaCO3) = m / M = 300/100 = 3 mol.
According to the reaction equation, the amount of moles of calcium carbonate and calcium chloride is 1 mole, which means that Y (CaCl2) = 3 moles.
We calculate the mass of the CaCl2 salt by the formula:
m (CaCl2) = Y * M = 3 * 111 = 333 g.
We find the volume of carbon dioxide, taking into account the data of the reaction equation:
Y (CO2) = 3 mol;
V (CO2) = 3 * 22.4 = 67.2 liters.
Answer: the mass of calcium chloride is 333 g, the volume of carbon dioxide is 67.2 liters.



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