As a result of the reaction of a saturated monohydric alcohol with hydrogen chloride weighing 18.25 g

| May 14, 2021 | education

As a result of the reaction of a saturated monohydric alcohol with hydrogen chloride weighing 18.25 g, an organic product weighing 46.25 g and water were obtained. Determine the molecular formula of the starting alcohol.

Let’s compose the reaction equation for the chlorination of an unknown alcohol.

CnH2n + 1OH + HCl = CnH2n + 1Cl + H2O.

Find the number of moles of hydrochloric acid.

n (HCl) = m / Mr = 18.25 g / 36.46 g / mol = 0.5 mol.

The number of moles of the halogenated derivative will be the same.

n (HCl) = n (CnH2n + 1Cl) = 0.5 mol.

Let us determine the molar mass of the halogen derivative.

M (CnH2n + 1Cl) = m / n = 46.25 g / 0.5 mol = 92.5 g / mol.

Knowing the molar mass of chlorine, we subtract it from the total molar mass:

M (CnH2n + 1) = 92.5 – 36.5 = 56 g / mol.

Let’s make an equation and find the index n.

12n + 2n + 1 = 56.

14n = 55.

n = 4.

This means that the initial alcohol C4H9OH is butanol.



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