By nitration of benzene with a mass of 117 g, 180 g of the product was obtained. Determine the product yield.

Given:
m (C6H6) = 117 g
m pract. (product) = 180 g

To find:
η (product) -?

1) C6H6 + HNO3 = (H2SO4) => C6H5NO2 + H2O;
2) M (C6H6) = Mr (C6H6) = Ar (C) * N (C) + Ar (H) * N (H) = 12 * 6 + 1 * 6 = 78 g / mol;
3) n (C6H6) = m / M = 117/78 = 1.5 mol;
4) n theory. (C6H5NO2) = n (C6H6) = 1.5 mol;
5) M (C6H5NO2) = Mr (C6H5NO2) = Ar (C) * N (C) + Ar (H) * N (H) + Ar (N) * N (N) + Ar (O) * N (O ) = 12 * 6 + 1 * 5 + 14 * 1 + 16 * 2 = 123 g / mol;
6) m theor. (C6H5NO2) = n theory. * M = 1.5 * 123 = 184.5 g;
7) η (C6H5NO2) = m practical. * 100% / m theory. = 180 * 100% / 184.5 = 98%.

Answer: The yield of C6H5NO2 is 98%.