C6H6 = C6H5OH How to carry out the transformation?

univerkov | August 15, 2021 | education

1. Direct oxidation of benzene (electrophilic substitution).

C6H6 + H2O2 = C6H5OH (fluorosulfonic acid is used as a catalyst).

2. The Raschig method.

a) C6H6 + HCl + 1/2 O2 = C6H5Cl (carried out at a temperature of 200 degrees),

b) C6H5Cl + H2O = C6H5OH (carried out at a temperature of 500 degrees in the presence of Cu (2+)).

Other reactions for producing phenol include alkaline melting of salts of arylsulfonic acids (ArSO3Na + 2NaOH = ArONa + Na2SO3 (300-350 degrees), ArONa + HCl = ArOH), from aryl halides (C6H5Cl + NaOH = C6H5ONa (350 degrees, pressure), from salts diazonium (ArN2 (+) HSO4 (-) = ArOH + N2 (water, sulfuric acid, heating)).

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