Calculate the mass of water required to react with 0.23 g of sodium. What is the volume of the resulting substance?

1. Let’s compose the equation of the chemical reaction:

2Na + 2H2O = 2NaOH + H2.

2. Find the chemical amount of sodium:

n (Na) = m (Na) / M (Na) = 0.23 g / 23 g / mol = 0.01 mol.

3. According to the reaction equation, we find the amount and mass of water, as well as the amount and volume of hydrogen (Vm – molar volume, constant equal to 22.4 l / mol):

n (H2O) = n (Na) = 0.01 mol.

m (H2O) = n (H2O) * M (H2O) = 0.01 mol * 18 g / mol = 0.18 g.

n (H2) = n (Na) / 2 = 0.01 mol / 2 = 0.005 mol.

V (H2) = n (H2) * Vm = 0.005 mol * 22.4 L / mol = 0.112 L.

Answer: m (H2O) = 0.18 g; V (H2) = 0.112 l.