Can a substitution of one amino acid in a polypeptide chain affect the function of the protein?

The protein structure is strictly established. There are many different types of proteins. They are all made up of combinations of twenty amino acids. If one amino acid is changed in the structure of a protein, then the protein will cease to perform its functions or it will be a completely different type of protein with different functions. Despite the fact that the structure of these molecules is very precise, ribosomes do not receive precise instructions and procedures from DNA. They receive protein “recipes” and assemble them on their own, so sometimes translation failures occur.