Can energy be transferred in a vacuum? If so, what is the name of this type of television broadcast?

Yes, the transfer of heat and energy in a vacuum is done through a process called radiation. Radiation does not require a material environment. In fact, energy transfer through radiation is the fastest (at the speed of light), and it does not diminish in a vacuum. The type of electromagnetic radiation that is related to heat transfer is thermal radiation emitted as a result of energy transitions of molecules, atoms and electrons of a substance. Temperature is a measure of the strength of these activities at the microscopic level, and the rate of radiation of thermal radiation increases with increasing temperature. Thermal radiation is continuously emitted by all matter, the temperature of which is above absolute zero.