Characteristics of Persia at the end of the 19th century.

Persia at the end of the 19th century was a state subject to great powers. Colonial despotism completely ruined the local people. Anti-colonial indignation and dissatisfaction with the rule of the local nobility was brewing in the country. All land was owned by the rich landowner and the peasants were forced to work for them. Usury prevailed in the country. Craftsmen, peasants, merchants and small landowners were forced to resort to their services. These factors led to the revolution, and in 1906 the Iranian people rebelled against the British and Russian colonialists. The Shah’s army refused to oppose the rebels. The monarch promised to issue a constitutional law, but did not fulfill the promise. The revolted people formed the first parliament in the state – the Mejlis and the first elections to this state people’s authority were held. A year later, the shah died, and his follower adhered to the despotic system of government and was an ardent opponent of revolutionary ideas. All subsequent revolutionary upheavals were suppressed. The Russian and British governments tried to stay on Iranian soil and the revolutionary movement was defeated, and the Majlis was abolished.