Characterize barium hydroxide using various base classification criteria.

Barium hydroxide, formula Ba (OH) 2 is a white, odorless substance. It dissolves in water, forming a strongly alkaline solution. It does not dissolve in ethyl alcohol, it is toxic.

Main characteristics of barium hydroxide:

Molecular formula – 171 g / mol

Density – 4.5 g / cm3

Melting point – 408 oС

Boiling point – 780 oС

Decomposition temperature – 1000 oС

Solubility in water (20 oС) – 3.89 g / 100 ml

Chemical properties of barium hydroxide:

Barium hydroxide is a strong base that reacts with:

acidic oxides with the formation of salt and water:

Ba (OH) 2 + CO2 = BaCO3 ↓ + H2O

acids with the formation of salt and water (neutralization reaction)

Ba (OH) 2 + 2HCl = BaCl2 + 2H2O

Ba (OH) 2 + H2SO4 (conc) = BaSO4 ↓ + 2H2O

with salts

Ba (OH) 2 + K2CrO4 = BaCrO4 ↓ + 2KOH

Ba (OH) 2 + MnS2O6 = BaS2O6 + Mn (OH) 2 ↓

Ba (OH) 2 + 2NH4ClO3 (conc.) = Ba (ClO3) 2 + 2NH3 ↑ + H2O

When barium hydroxide is heated to a temperature of 780 – 800oС, it decomposes into barium oxide and water:

Ba (OH) 2 = BaO + H2O