Classify landforms according to the main factor of relief formation: ravine, cave, terrace, canyon, gyrtop, grotto.

Water currents from melting snow and heavy rains erode the soil and underlying loose rocks. As a result, ravines are formed. Most of them can be seen on the slopes of river valleys.

Karst caves are the most common type of caves. They are formed when rocks are dissolved by water. As a result of the impact of water, glacial and erosion caves are formed. The former appear in glaciers under the influence of melt water, the latter as a result of mechanical erosion by small particles of rocks carried by water.

River terraces are formed on the slopes of the valley as a result of a long-term decline in the water level in the river, and are the former bottom of the river.

Canyons are formed due to centuries-old erosion of the banks by the waters of the river.

The relief type called gyrtop has the shape of an amphitheater with a diameter of up to several kilometers and is formed as a result of large-scale landslides.

The grotto is a small, open cave, consisting of one room, and is formed by erosion caused by the influence of wind or water.