Describe the internal structure of the bone.

The long bone consists of several sections:

The diaphysis is a long central shaft.
Epiphysis – forms the larger, rounded ends of long bones.
Metaphysis – the area between the diaphysis and the pineal gland at both ends of the bone.
Epiphyseal plates are plates of cartilage, also known as growth plates, that allow long bones to grow during childhood. As soon as we stop growing, from 18 to 25 years old, the cartilage plates stop producing cartilage cells and are gradually replaced by bone.

The covering of the ends of the bones, where they form a joint with another bone, is a layer of hyaline cartilage. It is hard but elastic cartilage that provides cushioning in the joints and has no nerve or vascular supply.