Describe the successes of medicine at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, what are the reasons for these successes?

Life expectancy at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries increased dramatically. This was facilitated by the development of medicine. Scientists from different countries have worked in this area, and their research work has borne global benefits. In the late 19th century, penicillin was invented by Alexander Fleming. This antibiotic has become a salvation for thousands of people. The invention of the X-ray apparatus made it possible to observe changes in the human body. The device, working on radiation, has become convenient in order to examine the bone tissue. Pirogov introduced gypsum for fractures into circulation.