Economic changes in the countries of the East during the modern period.

Japan: in the early modern era, they had a period of contacts with Europeans, Christians and firearms appeared in the country, from the 1640s to 1860s the shogunate lived in complete isolation, and then the reforms of Emperor Mutsuhito began, the army and navy of the European level, universities, constitution and parliament. By 1914 Japan was the most developed country in Asia.

China. In the 17th century it was conquered by the Manchus and created the Qing empire, its authorities also headed for isolation, this turned into military defeats in the middle of the 19th century, and after that reforms began (“the policy of self-reinforcement”). As a result, at the final stage of the New Time (1911-1912) a revolution took place there.

The economy of Turkey in the XVII-XVIII centuries fell into decay, in the XIX century they turned out to be a poor country falling into dependence on England and Germany.