Explain what factors limit the spread of life in the atmosphere, the lithosphere, the hydrosphere?

In the atmosphere: oxygen content, UV radiation level, temperature.

In the lithosphere: oxygen content, humidity, temperature, medium density, depth.

In the hydrosphere: salinity, water temperature, depth, transparency (especially for plants), pressure.

If the values of the listed factors go beyond the optima of organisms, these organisms will not be able to exist in these environments. Therefore, life is not possible everywhere, and its greatest diversity is presented on the border of two environments.