Five test tubes contain solutions of substances: aluminum chloride, barium chloride, ammonium

| June 19, 2021 | education

Five test tubes contain solutions of substances: aluminum chloride, barium chloride, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate. How to determine each substance using these solutions and sodium hydroxide solution. Draw up a recognition plan and equations for the confirmatory reactions.

1) Divide the contents of each tube in half;
2) add NaOH to half of the tubes;
3) in the test tube in which there are no changes – BaCl2;
4) in those test tubes where a precipitate has formed – Al salts:
AlCl3 + 3NaOH = Al (OH) 3 + 3NaCl,
Al2 (SO4) 3 + 6NaOH = 2Al (OH) 3 + 3Na2SO4;
5) in those test tubes where the smell of ammonia is ammonium salts:
NH4Cl + NaOH = NaCL + H2O + NH3,
(NH4) 2SO4 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + 2H2O + 2NH3;
6) take a test tube with BaCl2 and pour it into each of the remaining test tubes, where precipitates fall out – sulfates:
Al2 (SO4) 3 + 3BaCl2 = 3BaSO4 + 2AlCl3,
(NH4) 2SO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2NH4Cl.



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