For what purpose, when checking the state of health, the patient is offered to do a urinalysis?

For what purpose, when checking the state of health, the patient is offered to do a urinalysis? What can a specialist find in urine if a patient has kidney inflammation? Give at least two examples.

The human body is a single well-coordinated system, and therefore some indicators can tell about the work of completely different organs and systems. These indicators include a general urine test. Most often, doctors need this information to diagnose kidney conditions. Normally, urine has a transparent or slightly yellow color, does not contain any protein or erythrocytes. But if protein, erythrocytes are found in the urine, bacteria can also be found – this indicates a violation of the absorption of the kidneys, and the presence of inflammation of the renal tissue, that is, there is renal failure (with edema, glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis).