Four cylinders of aluminum, brass, iron and lead, having the same mass, were heated in water to the same
Four cylinders of aluminum, brass, iron and lead, having the same mass, were heated in water to the same temperature and simultaneously placed on a paraffin plate. Did these cylinders give the same amount of heat to the wax? Is the same amount of heat needed to heat 1 kg of each of these substances by one degree?
All of these substances have different specific heat capacities. For example, aluminum has 880, lead 130. It takes so much J of heat to heat 1 kg of aluminum (or lead) by 1 degree. And the same amount of J of heat 1 kg of aluminum (or lead) will give when cooled by 1 degree. (Similarly for brass and iron.) Thus, to heat 1 kg of each of these substances, a different amount of heat is needed (equal to their specific heat capacity). Cooling down by the same number of degrees (according to the condition of the problem), the same masses of these substances will give paraffin also different amounts of heat. These amounts of heat will be equal to Q = CM (T2-T1), where C is the specific heat of the substance.