Get ethylbenzene from benzene. Write the reaction equations for the chlorination of ethylbenzene

Get ethylbenzene from benzene. Write the reaction equations for the chlorination of ethylbenzene to the side chain and to the aromatic ring

Several ways to obtain ethylbenzene:

1. Friedel-Crafts alkylation in the presence of Lewis acid (aluminum bromide).

2. Würz-Fittig reaction, it is necessary to use a primary halogenated alkane. Diphenyl and butane can be obtained as by-products, but there are fewer of them than the final product.

3. Cross-coupling reaction: the Karasha-Kumad reaction, the alkylating particle is ethylmagnesium bromide, the reaction is carried out in the presence of palladium.

Halogenation into the side chain is carried out in the presence of a light quantum (hv). The by-product can be (2-chloroethyl) benzene.

Halogenation into the aromatic ring proceeds by the mechanism of electrophilic substitution. The presence of Lewis acids, such as ferric chloride, is required. Since the ethyl group is an orientant of the first kind, the predominant halogenation product will be 1-chloro-4-ethylbenzene (halogenation in the ortho position to the ethyl group).