Give examples of plants with long and short internodes.

An internode is the distance on the stem, above and below which branches, leaves or buds are attached. The attachment points of these vegetative organs are called nodes.

Short internodes
The length of the internode varies with the type of plant. In herbaceous plants, it is much shorter, and in arboreal species it is longer. The shortest internodes are possessed by this type of plant, in which the leaves are collected in a rosette: in this case, both the internode and the stem itself are so short that it feels as if the stems and leaves rise immediately from the roots. These types, for example, include:

plantain;
dandelion;
daisy.

In addition, it should be emphasized that among herbaceous plants there are also species that have no internodes at all, since their entire structure is one leaf. These types include some orchids, ferns, etc. This also includes some cycads, in which the leaves are also arranged in the form of rosettes. Very short internodes are also observed in most conifers, since in some of their species (for example, in araucaria) needles, i.e. modified leaves, with an almost continuous layer cover most of the branches, and in young plants also the trunk.

Internodes in shoots are also short, even if it refers to woody species. This is due to the fact that before lumbering, the stem is short and the leaves are long.

Long internodes
Among plants with long internodes, one can indicate magnolias, most of the tree species of tropical plants, representatives of the rue family (for example, figs), in which, depending on the place of growth, the leaves can be at a distance of several tens of centimeters or more. However, in this case, the distance of internodes is ambiguous, since in the lower parts of the stem the internodes are longer than at the top.

Long internodes can also be found in herbs. Among herbaceous plants, bamboo also has long internodes, which is one of the longest grasses.