Given are mixtures of: a) alcohol and water; b) river sand and sugar; c) copper and iron filings; d) water and gasoline

Given are mixtures of: a) alcohol and water; b) river sand and sugar; c) copper and iron filings; d) water and gasoline. How do you separate these mixtures? Explain the properties of the mixture components based on their separation.

a) Distillation – based on the difference in boiling points of the components. (The boiling point of water is 100 ° C, and alcohol is less, for example, ethyl 78 ° C.)
b) Dissolution followed by filtration. Solubility of substances in water: Sugar dissolves easily in water, and sand is insoluble, so it will remain on the filter.
c) Magnet action: ferromagnetic properties of metals. Iron is well magnetized, while copper is diamagnetic – it repels itself from a magnet.
d) Separation with a separating funnel: the immiscibility of the components, allows you to separate the organic layer of gasoline from the inorganic layer of water.