How did ancient people study space?

The study of space began from the most ancient times, when man was just learning to count by the stars, highlighting the constellations. And only just four hundred years ago, after the invention of the telescope, astronomy began to develop rapidly, bringing new discoveries to science.
The 17th century became a transitional century for astronomy, then the scientific method began to be applied in space exploration, thanks to which the Milky Way, other star clusters and nebulae were discovered. And with the creation of a spectroscope that is able to decompose the light emitted by a celestial object through a prism, scientists have learned how to measure data from celestial bodies, such as temperature, chemical composition, mass and other measurements.
Starting from the end of the 19th century, astronomy entered a phase of numerous discoveries and achievements, the main breakthrough of science in the 20th century was the launch of the first satellite into space, the first manned flight into space, an exit into open space, landing on the moon and space missions to the planets of the solar system. The inventions of super-powerful quantum computers in the 19th century also promise many new studies, both of already known planets and stars, and the discovery of new distant corners of the universe.