How did the natural conditions of South America affect the occupations of its inhabitants?

In South America, several regions can be distinguished, depending on the natural conditions:

Andes. There it was possible to create the only serious state in the region until the arrival of the Spaniards there around 1530. It was the Inca empire. They did not know iron, but they had huge reserves of gold and knew how to process copper, bred llamas, but did not know horse breeding, chewed coca leaves, grew potatoes and quinoa.
South of the continent. Primitive tribes lived there, for example, the inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego walked almost naked, smeared the body with fat of killed animals and some kind of loincloths and cloaks made of skins.
Tribes of the Amazon. They were quite primitive, they fished, hunted and gathered.

At the present stage, one can note the territories of Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay, where there are very good conditions for cattle breeding, and in Chile for viticulture.