How do females and males differ in the set of chromosomes?
| July 15, 2021 | education
How do females and males differ in the set of chromosomes? Characterize the karyotype of the female and male organisms in humans and Drosophila.
Females and males differ in the presence of sex chromosomes in the chromosome set. There are two types of them – X and Y chromosomes. Depending on the type of living organism, homogametic (have XX chromosomes) and heterogametic (XY chromosomes) organisms are distinguished. For example, mammals have XX sex chromosomes if female and XY if male. In insects, the opposite is true.
In the karyotype in humans, there are 44 autosomes (the chromosomes are the same in both sexes) and 2 sex chromosomes.
In the karyotype of the Drosophila fly, there are 6 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.
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