How do plants and animals react to the change of day and night, seasons?

How do plants and animals react to the change of day and night, seasons? What is photoperiodism and what is its role in the life of plants and animals?

Features of behavior depending on the time of year, month, season or time of day are called biological clocks. It is by focusing on them that almost all living organisms build their life cycle – its changes can be especially clearly observed on the example of those animals that carry out seasonal migrations.

Photoperiodism determines a kind of schedule of activity for a living organism – a person or an animal will reflexively want to sleep at nightfall, and wake up with the influence of strong rays of the sun.