How do scientists know the history of Mesopotamia in antiquity?

Scientists learn the history of Antiquity and the Middle Ages using architectural, written and material historical sources. They can tell about ancient civilizations and peoples. Historians and scholars jointly search for evidence of ancient people and states and find them in areas in which people used to live. You can learn about Mesopotamia by exploring the territory that it used to occupy. Modern archaeologists are constantly on the lookout for antiquities to learn more about the ancient world.