How does cell division take place?

| June 21, 2021 | education

Cell division occurs as a result of mitosis and meiosis. During mitosis, or indirect division, the number of chromosomes in two daughter cells remains equal to their number in the mother cell. This division is typical for non-sex cells. Mitosis includes 4 stages: prophase – chromosomes thicken, the nuclear membrane and the nucleolus dissolve, the fission spindle begins to form; metaphase – chromosomes spiralize, line up along the equator of the cell, threads of the fission spindle are attached to their centromeres; anaphase – each of the two chromatids of one chromosome diverge to the poles of the cell; telophase – division of the cytoplasm in two, chromosomes form the nucleoli and nuclei of daughter cells, the spindle of division disappears, a septum is formed.
With meiosis, the number of chromosomes is halved. In this way, the sex cells divide. From one mother cell, 4 daughter cells are obtained. Meois consists of two successive divisions with the same phases as mitosis, the differences are only in the duration of the phases and in the final, haploid set of chromosomes. The diploidity of such cells is restored during fertilization.



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