How does the speed of the chaotic movement of gas molecules in a vessel change when it is heated and cooled?

| January 9, 2021 | education

According to the basic equation of the molecular kinetic theory of gas, the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules is related to temperature by the following relationship: Ek (cf) = 3 * k * T / 2. Where k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the absolute temperature of the gas.
The average kinetic energy of gas molecules Ek (avg) is determined by the formula: Ek (avg) = m * Vav ^ 2/2, where m is the mass of a gas molecule, Vav is the mean square velocity of motion.
m * Vav ^ 2/2 = 3 * k * T / 2.
Vav ^ 2 = 3 * k * T / m.
Vav = √ (3 * k * T / m)
It can be seen from the formula that with an increase in the gas temperature, the average speed of the molecules will increase in proportion to the square root of the gas temperature.
As the gas temperature decreases, the average molecular speed will decrease in proportion to the square root of the gas temperature.



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