How important are chromosomes? Why is their number in a cell constant?

| March 15, 2021 | education

Chromosomes perform such functions as storing hereditary information, reproducing stored information during replication (in the process of synthesizing a daughter DNA molecule on the mother’s DNA), participating in the use of stored information: mRNA and tRNA are built on their basis.
A person has a constant number of chromosomes in a cell equal to 46. The number of chromosomes in a cell remains constant, since during mitosis (division) of a cell in the process of replication, they double, then along the spindle of division they diverge to different poles of the cell. As a result, 2 daughter cells are formed with an initial set of chromosomes. During the division of germ cells (meiosis), one cell has only half of the set – 23 chromosomes in humans, therefore, after their fusion as a result of fertilization, the number remains constant – 46.



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