How large should the ice floe be to hold a 3kg king penguin?

Problem data: m1 (mass of a king penguin on an ice floe) = 3 kg.

Reference values: according to the condition ρw (water density) = 1000 kg / m3; ρl (ice density) = 900 kg / m3.

The required volume of the ice floe can be determined from the equality:

m1 * g + m2 * g = ρw * g * V.

m1 * g + ρl * V * g = ρw * g * V.

m1 + ρl * V = ρw * V.

m1 = (ρv – ρl) * V.

V = m1 / (ρv – ρl) = 3 / (1000 – 900) = 0.03 m3.

Answer: The volume of the ice floe must be at least 0.03 m3.