How many bits of information will be obtained by guessing a number in the range from 1 to 128?

In our case, the amount of information can be calculated using the formula:

N = 2 ^ i;

where N is the number of possible events,

i is the amount of information in bits.

Since the choice of one number from the available 128 is equally probable, the number of possible events is 128.

N = 128, i =?

N = 2 ^ i; 128 = 2 ^ 7;

i = 7 bits;

Answer: 7 bits.