How was the parliament in England organized? States General in France? Cortes in Spain?

Initially, many European states arose from tribal unions. At this time, all decisions were made at a general meeting of the men of the tribe. Similar democratic manifestations were characteristic of all early states of Europe. Subsequently, representative bodies appeared, in which nobles, townspeople and clergy participated.

The device of representative bodies in England, France, Spain

You can understand how the parliament in England, the States General in France, the Cortes in Spain were arranged by examining these bodies in detail:

The English Parliament includes representatives of the local nobility. He was elected on a territorial basis and consisted of two chambers. The House of Lords was occupied by the aristocrats closest to the king. The House of Representatives was filled at the expense of nobles from a particular locality. Parliament discussed laws, but only the king had the right to pass them;
The states-general were the representative body of France. This body consisted of one chamber and was created in 1302. The reason for the creation of the States General was the need to strengthen the power of the king. The monarch needed the support of the entire people. This need was explained by frequent conflicts with major feudal lords, constant wars with England and internal unrest. The states-general lasted until 1789, that is, until the First French Revolution;
The Cortes in Spain played the same role. The specificity is that Spain became a single state only after the completion of the Reconquista, that is, the expulsion of the Moors from the country. Therefore, the Cortes were created first in Castile, which was free of the Moors. Initially, the Cortes represented the interests of the clergy and nobility. At the end of the 12th century, the townspeople were admitted there. This is due to the growth of the city, the concentration of wealth in them and the need to take into account the interests of wealthy citizens.

Features of representative bodies
Parliament, States General and Cortes were representative bodies. They elected representatives of various regions of the country. All of them are designed to take into account the interests of the most influential sectors of society. In the Middle Ages, these are nobles, clergy and townspeople.

The peasants were not allowed to participate in such bodies. At the same time, these bodies had only deliberative rights. That is, they were not empowered to make important decisions. They only offered the king certain decisions, and they were only made personally by the monarch.