Human influence on the tundra and forest-tundra.

In the tundra and forest-tundra, human activities can be divided into traditional and modern.
The traditional way of life of local peoples is fishing and sea animals, berry picking, reindeer herding. These peoples include the Sami, Nenets, Selkups, Chukchi.

Modern activities include the following:
-Transport. Air and rail. For example, the railway was built to Labytnangi and Novy Urengoy.
-Activities of geologists.
– Extraction of oil, gas, coal, metals (north of the Tyumen region, Vorkuta, Norilsk, the city of Kovdor).
-Energy (the nuclear power plant was built in Chukotka).
The last two activities are the most harmful to the environment. Because of this, the environment suffers, oil spills on pipelines occur.