Hydrogen chloride, which was obtained by reacting an excess of concentrated sulfuric acid with 58.5 g of sodium

Hydrogen chloride, which was obtained by reacting an excess of concentrated sulfuric acid with 58.5 g of sodium chloride, was dissolved in 146 g of water. Determine the mass fraction of hydrogen chloride (in%) in the resulting solution.

Let’s write the reaction equation:
H2SO4 + NaCl = NaSo4 + HCl
We have an excess of acid, which means that NaCl has reacted all the way and we will carry out calculations on it.
According to the law of conservation of matter by reaction, we get:
ν (NaCl) = ν (HCl)
m (NaCl) / M (NaCl) = m (HCl) / M (HCl)
Let’s define the molar masses:
M (NaCl) = 23 + 35 = 78 g / mol
M (HCl) = 1 + 35 = 36 g / mol
Determine the mass of the acid:
m (HCl) = m (NaCl) * M (HCl) / M (NaCl) = 58.5 * 36/78 = 27 g.
Let’s write an expression to determine the mass fraction of a substance:
w (in-va) = (m (in-va) / m (solution)) * 100%
Determine the mass of the solution:
m (solution) = m (in-va) + m (H2O) = 27 + 146 = 173 g.
Let’s calculate the mass fraction of the acid:
w (v-va) = (m (v-va) / m (r-ra)) * 100% = (27/173) * 100% = 15.6%
Answer: the mass fraction of acid in the solution is 15.6%.