In desert plants, the roots go deep into the ground. And in tundra plants, the surface layer is located.

In desert plants, the roots go deep into the ground. And in tundra plants, the surface layer is located. How can this be explained?

The root system of desert plants goes deep underground (sometimes by several tens of meters), since the water in these natural zones is most often at great depths, while the soil is dry close to the surface. In the tundra, on the contrary, liquid water and a fertile soil layer are present only on a few tens of centimeters of the surface layer, and in deeper areas there is a layer of permafrost, which consists of ice and frozen soil and therefore is insurmountable for plant roots.