In what areas of the ocean does ice form and how does it affect the nature of the Earth and human economic activity?

In the world’s oceans, ice formation occurs in high and temperate latitudes. Also, ice falls into the ocean from the continents of the polar and subpolar zones (icebergs). There are centuries-old continental pack ice in the highlands and cold poles of the globe. The formation of glaciers leads to a decrease in air temperature, climate change, which also affects human economic activity. Have a negative impact on the specialization of the economy.