In what climatic zone do the countries of southern Europe lie?

In what climatic zone do the countries of southern Europe lie? What is the reason for the scarcity of surface waters in these countries.

In the southern part, the climate is Mediterranean. The west is influenced by winds from the Atlantic Ocean, with up to 2000 mm of precipitation per year.

More precipitation falls in the mountains than in areas with flat relief. The climate with a flat-basin relief has a continental character with temperature fluctuations depending on the season and time of day.

In winter, the rivers overflow due to the large amount of precipitation, have a large amount of suspended matter. In the dry summer period, they become very shallow. Small rivers dry up.