In which country was the alphabet invented? What is the advantage of the alphabet over hieroglyphs?

Ancient Egypt, more than 10 centuries before the creation of writing. The Proto-Sinai script is considered to be the original, which appeared in the 19th century. BC. Intended for the Semites who worked there. The principle of creation is taken from the Egyptian hieroglyphs. Initially, they took 22 hieroglyphs, which conveyed exclusively consonant sounds, but there was also a sign, possibly symbolizing a vowel sound.
The advantages of the alphabet are that the alphabetic characters, of which there are dozens, reflect individual sounds, and the hieroglyphs – full words or syllables, which is inconvenient.