Indicate how you can: a) purify nitric acid from sulfuric acid impurities; b) convert potassium chloride

Indicate how you can: a) purify nitric acid from sulfuric acid impurities; b) convert potassium chloride to potassium nitrate. Write molecular and abbreviated ionic reaction equations.

А).

Nitric acid can be purified from sulfuric acid impurities using barium nitrate Ba (NO3) 2, since barium ion with sulfate ion SO4/2- gives a precipitate – barium sulfate BaSO4, nitrate – ion NO3 1- will not react with nitric acid.

Ba(NO₃)₂  + H₂SO₄ = BaSO₄↓ + 2HNO_3.

Ba²⁺ + 2NO₃^1-  + 2H ¹⁺+SO₄^2- = BaSO₄↓ + 2H¹⁺ + 2NO₃^1-_.

Ba²⁺ + SO₄^2- = BaSO₄↓ ^–_.

B).

Potassium chloride can be converted to potassium nitrate by reacting it with silver nitrate.

КСl + AgNO₃ = AgCl↓+ KNO_{3 .}

К¹⁺ +Сl^1- + Ag¹⁺ + NO₃^1- = AgCl↓+ K¹⁺ +NO₃ ^1-.

Ag¹⁺ +Сl^1-  = AgCl↓.