Indicate the reasons and results of the first and second Pacific wars.

Causes:

First war

1) Spain sought to regain lost possessions in South America;

2) Spain’s desire to get rich deposits of guano in Peru;

3) Dislike between Spain and Peru;

4) The incident with the non-return of a Spanish ship captured by the Peruvians;

Second war

1) Cancellation of privileges for the Chilean trade in nitrate;

2) The capture of the city of Antofagasta by the Chileans.

Outcomes:

First war

It ended in a draw;

Second war

It ended with the complete victory of Chile and the annexation of new territories.