Make up the reaction equations corresponding to the scheme: Acetylene → 1 benzene → 2 nitrobenzene

Make up the reaction equations corresponding to the scheme: Acetylene → 1 benzene → 2 nitrobenzene → 3 aniline → 4 phenylammonium chloride → 5 sodium chloride.

Let’s solve the chain of transformations:

C2H2 – C6H6 – C6H5NO2 – C6H5NH2 – (C6H5NH3) Cl – NaCl

3C2H2 = C6H6 – trimerization is carried out on a hot carbon catalyst, benzene is released;
C6H6 + HNO3 = C6H5NO2 + H2O – substitution, nitrobenzene is formed;
С6Н5NO2 + H2 = C6H5NH2 + H2O – reduction, phenylamine (aniline) was obtained;
C6H5NH2 + HCl = (C6H5NH3) Cl – phenylammonium chloride formed;
(С6Н5NH3) Cl + NaOH = C6H5NH2 + NaCl – exchange, sodium chloride was released.
The solution confirms the relationship between organic and inorganic substances by the example of acetylene, sodium chloride. The processes are of practical importance, for example, the production of aniline, which is used as a base for dyes.